Japanese National Holidays

When it comes to working in Japan, what do you imagine? People working very long hours? Yes, it will be true that they are quite busy. But actually, as far as I’m aware, Japan has many public holidays!

1. New Year’s Day (January 1st)

New Year’s Day, celebrated on January 1st, marks the beginning of the new calendar year. It is a widely observed holiday in many countries, symbolizing a fresh start and a time for reflection, resolutions, and celebrations. People often gather with friends and family to bid farewell to the previous year and welcome the new one with joy and optimism. Festivities may include parties, fireworks, special meals, and traditions like making New Year’s resolutions or watching the famous ball drop in Times Square, New York City. It is a day filled with hope, anticipation, and the excitement of new beginnings.

2. Coming of Age Day (second Monday in January)

Coming of Age Day, celebrated on the second Monday in January in Japan, is a special occasion that honors young individuals who have reached the age of 20, officially marking their transition into adulthood. Festivities feature ceremonies, speeches, and traditional attire, emphasizing responsibilities and new opportunities for these young adults in society.

3. National Foundation Day (February 11th)

National Foundation Day, observed on February 11th in Japan, commemorates the mythical founding of the nation and celebrates its cultural heritage. It is a day of reflection and national pride, with ceremonies, flag displays, and cultural events. It serves as a reminder of Japan’s rich history and the values that shape the nation.

4. The Emperor’s Birthday (February 23rd)

The Emperor’s Birthday, celebrated on February 23rd in Japan, honors the reigning Emperor’s birth and is a national holiday. It is a day of respect and well-wishes towards the Emperor, with public ceremonies, greetings, and cultural events. It provides an opportunity for citizens to express their gratitude and loyalty to the Imperial family.

5. Vernal Equinox Day (March 20th or 21st)

Shōwa Day, observed on April 29th in Japan, commemorates the birthday of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito), who reigned from 1926 to 1989. It symbolizes reflection on the turbulent years of his reign, including World War II, and the pursuit of peace and harmony. It serves as a time for remembrance, introspection, and respect for the past.

6. Shōwa Day (April 29th)

Shōwa Day, observed on April 29th in Japan, commemorates the birthday of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito), who reigned from 1926 to 1989. It symbolizes reflection on the turbulent years of his reign, including World War II, and the pursuit of peace and harmony. It serves as a time for remembrance, introspection, and respect for the past.

7. Constitution Memorial Day (May 3rd)

Constitution Memorial Day, observed on May 3rd in Japan, celebrates the enactment of the post-war Constitution of Japan in 1947. It serves as a reminder of the importance of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. The day is marked by various events and ceremonies that promote civic education and constitutional awareness.

8. Greenery Day (May 4th)

Greenery Day, observed on May 4th, is a Japanese national holiday celebrating nature’s beauty and promoting environmental awareness. Originating as a tribute to Emperor Showa’s love for plants, it encourages people to connect with nature through activities like gardening, picnics, and outdoor pursuits. It serves as a reminder to cherish and protect the Earth’s green spaces.

9. Children’s Day (May 5th)

Children’s Day, celebrated on May 5th in Japan, is a joyous occasion honoring children’s happiness and well-being. It is part of the Golden Week holiday season. Families display colorful carp-shaped streamers called koinobori, representing strength and success, and indulge in traditional games and treats to express love and appreciation for children’s growth and potential.

10. Marine Day (third Monday in July)

Marine Day, observed on the third Monday in July in Japan, is a national holiday dedicated to appreciating the ocean and its abundant resources. It encourages people to reflect on the importance of marine life, maritime heritage, and sustainable practices. Festivities often include beach cleanups, water sports, and cultural events to foster a deeper connection to the sea.

11. Mountain Day (August 11th)

Mountain Day, celebrated on August 11th in Japan, is a national holiday that honors the beauty and significance of mountains. It encourages people to appreciate and explore the country’s stunning mountainous landscapes, promoting outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and nature walks. Mountain Day serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving these natural treasures for future generations.

12. Respect for the Aged Day (third Monday in September)

Respect for the Aged Day, observed on the third Monday in September in Japan, is a holiday dedicated to honoring and appreciating the elderly. It serves as a reminder to respect and care for the aging population, showcasing their contributions to society. Families and communities engage in various activities and events to express gratitude and provide support to older individuals, fostering a sense of unity and intergenerational harmony.

13. Autumnal Equinox Day (September 23rd or 24th)

Autumnal Equinox Day, typically falling on September 23rd or 24th, is a Japanese holiday that marks the transition from summer to autumn. It is a time to celebrate the beauty of nature and express gratitude for the harvest. People visit ancestral graves, participate in traditional ceremonies, and engage in activities like moon-viewing and creating floral arrangements. It symbolizes balance and the changing of seasons, highlighting the importance of harmony with nature.

14. Health and Sports Day (second Monday in October)

Health and Sports Day, observed on the second Monday in October in Japan, is a national holiday that promotes physical fitness and a healthy lifestyle. It commemorates the opening of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and emphasizes the importance of sports in fostering individual and community well-being. The day is marked by various sports events, fitness activities, and competitions, encouraging people to engage in exercise and appreciate the benefits of an active lifestyle.

15. Culture Day (November 3rd)

Culture Day, celebrated on November 3rd in Japan, is a national holiday dedicated to promoting and appreciating Japanese culture, arts, and academic achievements. It honors the rich cultural heritage of the country and encourages the preservation and development of traditional arts, craftsmanship, and intellectual pursuits. Festivities include exhibitions, performances, parades, and awards ceremonies, showcasing the diversity and creativity of Japanese culture. It is a day to celebrate and reflect on the cultural identity and contributions of Japan.

16. The Emperor’s Birthday (December 23rd)

Some of these holidays fall on fixed dates. In contrast, others are celebrated on specific days of the week or with other events, such as equinoxes or the third Monday in a given month. Additionally, some holidays may be moved to create more extended holiday periods, such as Golden Week in early May, or to avoid clashes with other events.